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What Are the Best Medications For Anxiety Disorders? Treatment of anxiety disorders usually involves a three-pronged approach: medication, psychotherapy and exercise. The first choice for treating anxiety are antidepressants. Newer drugs, like nefazodone or mirtazapine that have a lower risk of suicide, and less adverse effects, are more well-tolerated by patients than older antidepressants, such as tCAs or monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). The majority of people reduce their anxiety symptoms by taking medication that lowers anxiety signals in the brain. This includes SNRIs and SSRIs. Benzodiazepines They work by facilitating the binding between the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA and various receptors in the central nervous system. They are believed to be a safer, less toxic CNS depressant than their predecessors, the barbiturates. They are used as anxiolytics (anxiety medications), the hypnotics (sleep medicines) and anticonvulsants for treating seizure disorders. They are prescribed in small doses, and are less likely than older medications to cause anticholinergic toxicities or delirium. However there are significant risks and adverse effects that should be evaluated before taking these medications. For example, chronic use of benzodiazepines can cause impairment to memory and trigger withdrawal symptoms, particularly when the drug is used in conjunction with other CNS depressants like opioids or alcohol. Some people may also find that it reduces the effectiveness of antidepressants. Children and elderly people should not take benzodiazepines. They should also stay clear of these drugs if they suffer from medical conditions like depression. They are available in a variety of strengths and formulations, and they have different pharmacological characteristics. They differ in their effectiveness as well as their duration and effects. The longer-acting benzodiazepines, such as chlordiazepoxide (Librium), Clorazepate (Tranxene) and clobazam (Onfi) and diazepam (Valium), are used to treat insomnia and anxiety, and alprazolam (Xanax) as well as the lorazepam (Ativan) and midazolam (Versed) are used to induce anesthesia as well as for seizures and other seizures disorders. Constipation, fatigue, and blurred vision are some of the most common side effects of benzodiazepines. There are also nausea, headaches and weight loss. These effects are not severe and usually disappear with continued use. Benzodiazepines should be tapered, rather than stopped abruptly, as it can cause withdrawal symptoms like anxiety, insomnia, and anxiety attacks. Other medications that can treat anxiety disorders include SSRIs, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors; SNRIs; antidepressants that are not typical, such as mirtazapine; and beta-blockers. SSRIs and SNRIs work to increase the levels of serotonin as well as norepinephrine in your brain, which help decrease anxiety. Atypical antidepressants increase these chemicals through different pathways and can treat mental illnesses like depression. Beta-blockers, commonly heart medications, can also be used in low doses to treat anxiety such as stage fright, by reducing the adrenaline rush, which causes heartbeats to be rapid and shakey. SSRIs The most commonly used medications for anxiety disorders are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). These medications increase levels of serotonin – the neurotransmitter that influences mood. They also increase levels of norepinephrine, another neurotransmitter that influences mood. Paroxetine and Fluoxetine are the most well-known SSRIs used to treat anxiety. SNRIs include citalopram (Celexa), sertraline (Zoloft) and nefazodone (Serzone). Other medications can ease anxiety symptoms. Antihistamines, beta-blockers and alpha (e.g. propranolol or clonidine) along with benzodiazepines and others are all available. Antihistamines are particularly helpful during a panic attack because they can trigger a state of drowsiness that can ease anxiety. However, they can have adverse effects such as constipation, dry mouth and sedation. You can also be at risk if take these drugs while driving. Benzodiazepines which are sedatives, work by increasing the activity of neurotransmitters which transmit signals between brain cells. These medications can help you relax and sleep, but are usually prescribed for short-term usage. They can cause dependence therefore they should only be taken under the supervision of a physician. Tricyclic antidepressants also work in treating anxiety. These medications work similarly to SSRIs and boost the levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and other chemicals in your body that influence mood. These medications are typically started at a small dose and then increased gradually. Certain of these medications can cause weight gain and sedation. They can cause dry mouth, urinary tract problems and arrhythmias. Monoamine oxidase inhibiters are older antidepressants that have proven to be effective in treating anxiety. However they are not as popular because of their side effects, such as weight gain and dry mouth. Monoamine oxidase inhibiters can also affect negatively certain foods and medications. This includes SSRIs and some birth control pills. They can also be affected by cold and allergy medications, acetaminophen, as well as ibuprofen. You can feel more relaxed and in charge of your life by taking right medication for your anxiety. It is also important to learn stress management techniques. Important steps include abstaining from unhealthy food and exercise as well as avoiding alcohol and tobacco and removing news articles or readings that can trigger anxiety. You can join a support group for anxiety to meet other people with similar issues and learn coping skills. Tricyclic antidepressants A variety of medications can be used to treat anxiety disorders, including SSRIs, benzodiazepines, and tricyclic antidepressants. Certain of these drugs can boost the levels of certain brain chemicals such as serotonin or norepinephrine. These medications can be taken on a regular basis or as needed. Some take several weeks before they begin working, but they are able to eliminate anxiety, or make it easier to manage. However, they won't be effective if the medication is removed. SSRIs are a preferred choice to treat anxiety, and can also be used to aid in preventing the symptoms from returning. They include citalopram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro), fluvoxamine (Fluoxetine) and sertraline (Zoloft). SSRIs are generally safe and do not have any negative effects. SSRIs are often used in conjunction with other treatments for anxiety like exercise or psychotherapy. Another type of medication that can be used to combat anxiety is beta blockers. These drugs are primarily prescribed for heart conditions however they can be beneficial for people suffering from anxiety and anxiety disorders. They aid in reducing the symptoms of anxiety by slowing the heart rate and decreasing blood pressure. The most commonly used beta blockers are propranolol and atenolol. People who suffer from a fear or a panic disorder can sometimes benefit from as-needed tranquilizers such as lorazepam or alprazolam. These drugs can be taken before a stressful event and can quickly ease the symptoms of anxiety. They can become habit-forming, therefore it is essential to only use them when necessary. In general, SSRIs and SNRIs can be used as the first line of treatment for anxiety. They are safe, well-tolerated and are effective in randomized controlled trials. It is important to consider the peculiar characteristics of the drug as well as comorbidities in patients. A patient with a depression history may require more medication than someone who is not depressed. The most effective treatment for performance anxiety or social phobia is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). These medications increase the amount of neurotransmitters that regulate mood. They are usually taken at a low dosage and then gradually increased. They can be taken by themselves or in conjunction with the benzodiazepine. Many medications, like SSRIs, birth control pills, acetaminophen and Ibuprofen, cold and allergy medications, as well as herbal supplements can interact with MAOIs, so it is crucial to discuss your treatment options with your doctor. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors There are a myriad of medications that treat anxiety disorder s, and many work well for most people. This includes benzodiazepines as well as antidepressants. Benzodiazepines are GABA-A agonists and are useful in the short run to ease anxiety symptoms. They can also be utilized to decrease muscle spasms, seizures and hypnotic conditions. However, benzodiazepines aren't suitable for long-term use, and could cause dependence. Antidepressants can help reduce depression and anxiety. These medications can take anywhere from four to six weeks to work however they are extremely effective for most people. Some people may have sexual side effects from these drugs, but they're usually manageable. SSRIs along with SNRIs, raise levels of norepinephrine and serotonin two essential hormones and neurotransmitters that influence mood. They are often the first-line treatment for many anxiety disorders. They can be used regularly to reduce symptoms, or they can be taken as needed. Antidepressants can trigger a range of adverse reactions, including dry mouth, nausea and weight increase. They also increase the likelihood of suicidal thoughts and suicide, so it is recommended to limit your use to the time that is needed. Beta-blockers are also an option, as they are traditionally used to treat heart problems. They are frequently prescribed off-label for social anxiety disorder, such as propranolol (Inderal). This medication is a great option for relieving physical symptoms of anxiety, such as shaking or high blood pressure. It can also lower stress hormones like norepinephrine and adrenaline that are present in a state of anxiety. Anticonvulsants, such as gabapentin, tiagabine, and pregabalin, have GABAergic properties. These drugs are FDA approved for the treatment of neuropathic pain and can be effective as an antidepressant in certain people. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), are another medication that boosts the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. They also inhibit the activity of monoamine oxidese which is responsible for breaking these chemicals down. They can also be used to treat symptoms of bipolar disorder and mania. These drugs can cause many adverse effects, including dry mouth, weight gain and sedation. These medications can also increase the risk of arrhythmias and hypotension.